Designated task
When bending steel tubes, extreme forming forces act on the workpiece and the bending tools (e.g., mandrel, bending carriages, clamping jaws). Without suitable lubrication, friction, tool wear, grooving, and unwanted material distortion (e.g., folding or ovalization) occur. Conventional lubricants are often difficult to dispense, contaminate the area around the machine and workpieces, and make post-processing more difficult.
